Azmanuddin memahami Elliptical Construction dalam bahasa inggris - By Azmanuddin

Elliptical Construction

Kalimat eliptik adalah kalimat pemendekan dari dua buah kalimat atau lebih dengan cara menghilangkan beberapa bagian kalimat yang memiliki kesamaan arti asalnya. Kalimat eliptik digunakan untuk menghindari adanya pengulangan kata yang sama dalam suatu kalimat.
Adapun bagian yang dihilangkan diganti dengan menggunakan bentuk auxiliary (kata kerja bantu) atau menggunakan kata-kata, seperti so, too, either, neither, dan so on.


A. Gabungan Setara
Merupakan gabungan dua kalimat yang sama-sama positif maupun negatif. Gabungan setara selalu menggunakan kata penghubung and.

a. Setara Positif (so dan too)
Contoh:
John is smart. The children are smart.
 John is smart and the children are too.
 John is smart and so are the children.
We studied hard. Emily studied hard.
 We studied hard and Emily did too.
 We studied hard and so did Emily.

b. Setara Negatif (neither dan either)
Contoh:
They don’t like sushi. He doesn’t like sushi.
 They don’t like sushi and neither does he.
 They don’t like sushi and he doesn’t either.
Tom wasn’t happy. His parents were not happy.
 Tom wasn’t happy and neither were his parents.
 Tom wasn’t happy and his parents were not either.


B. Gabungan Setara Berpasa ngan
Merupakan gabungan dua kalimat yang sama-sama positif dan negatif dengan menggunakan both… and…, not only… but also… untuk kalimat positif, sedangkan either… or… dan neither… nor… untuk kalimat negatif.
• Dania loves dancing. Riana loves dancing.
 Both Dania and Riana love dancing.
Jimmy is smart. Jimmy is humble.
 Jimmy is not only smart but also humble.
• The bus drivers start working today. The taxi drivers start working today.
 Either the bus drivers or the taxi drivers start working today.
• Rini forgot where she put the books.
 It is either in the living room or in her bedroom.
• He isn’t a teacher. He isn’t a doctor.
 He is neither a teacher nor a doctor.
• He doesn’t say rude things. They don’t say rude things
 Neither he nor they say rude things.


C. Gabungan Setara Berlawanan
Merupakan gabungan dua kalimat yang berlawanan makna. Umumnya, menggunakan kata penghubung but, whereas, dan while.
Contoh:
• John likes soccer. Jonathan doesn’t like soccer.
 John likes soccer but (while) Jonathan doesn’t.
• She has a plan to go camping. He doesn’t have a plan to go camping.
 She has a plan to go camping whereas e doesn’t.


D. Susunan Eliptik da lam Klausa
Susunan eliptik, biasanya, digunakan dalam dependent dan independent clause bila kedua subjeknya sama.
a. Mary was poor but she was honest (Mary was poor but honest)
b. However he is busy, he always comes on time to the office. (However busy, he always comes on time)
c. Although she was given everything, she was never satisfied. (Although given everything, she was never satisfied)
d. I will write a letter. I will write a short story. (I will write a letter and a short story).
e. You can go by bus. You can go by taxi. (You can go by bus or taxi).



CONTOH SOAL

1. “Andy agreed that everybody had to pay Rp50.000,00 for the study tour to Bali.
“ … “ (UMPTN/92/R-B/34)
A. Neither was I.
B. But I’m not.
C. So am I.
D. While I didn’t.
E. I didn’t either.
PEMBAHASAN:
Kalimat tersebut merupakan kalimat eliptik pertentangan yang awal kalimatnya termasuk kalimat positif dan kalimat selanjutnya kalimat negatif. Jadi, pilihan D menjadi jawaban yang paling tepat.
Jawaban: D

2. Because of the rain, the teacher couldn’t come on time and … (UMPTN/1991/R-A/63)
A. I neither could.
B. Neither could.
C. Also I could not I.
D. I couldn’t either.
E. So I didn’t.
PEMBAHASAN:
Kalimat eliptik tersebut merupakan kalimat eliptik bermakna negatif yang menggunakan Modal Past (couldn’t). Jadi, pilihan D menjadi jawaban yang paling tepat.
Jawaban: D

3. Yanti didn’t like the movie and Tati didn’t either.
Means: … (UMPTN/1991/R-C/36)
A. Yanti and Tati didn’t like movie.
B. Yanti didn’t like the movie as much as Tati did.
C. Only Yanti didn’t like the movie.
D. Yanti didn’t like the movie but Tati did.
E. One of the two girls didn’t like the movie.
PEMBAHASAN:
Kalimat tersebut merupakan kalimat eliptik yang keduanya sama-sama menyatakan pernyataan negatif dalam bentuk Past Tense. Jadi, pilihan A menjadi jawaban yang paling tepat.
Jawaban: A

4. Advertisements both influence people’s spending habits …. (SPMB 2002)
A. their standard of living is also raised
B. but also the raising of their standard of living
C. they can raise their standard of living too
D. and raise their standard of living
E. as well as their raise in their standard of living
PEMBAHASAN:
Kata sambung dalam kalimat eliptik tersebut ialah both. Kata ini yang selalu berpasangan dengan and. Jadi, pilihan D menjadi jawaban yang paling tepat.
Jawaban: D

5. Tari was punished by the teacher not only because she forgot to bring her book …. (SPMB 2007)
A. and she didn’t do her homework also
B. but she didn’t do her homework either
C. but also for not doing her homework
D. as well as she didn’t do her homework
E. but also because she didn’t do her homework
PEMBAHASAN:
Kata sambung dalam kalimat eliptik tersebut ialah not only. Kata sambung ini selalu berpasangan dengan but also. Not only pada soal diikuti oleh adverbial clause yang menerangkan alasan maka but also juga harus diikuti oleh adverb of reason. Jadi, pilihan C menjadi jawaban yang paling tepat karena disertai adverb of reason.
Jawaban: C



Sumber : BUKU BAHASA inggris
MATERI DAN LATIHAN SBMPTN
TOP LEVEL - XII SMA